Saturday, August 22, 2020
Enterprise Resource Planning Shared Leadership
Question: Talk about the Enterprise Resource Planning for Shared Leadership. Answer: Explanation for Implementing or Updating the ERP: The accompanying focuses are the explanation for picking an ERP or undertaking asset framework. All the vital procedure of the association can be obvious to the administration. The data of different divisions will be open without any problem. Single and brought together announcing framework for examining the status or measurements progressively. This will be conceivable inside all the divisions and capacities (Leon 2014). The business insight functionalities can be joined inside the business with the augmentation by the ERP seller. It will permit the administration to get inside the business exercises and perceive the potential issues. Based on the prerequisite of the association, the determination of the modules, for example, human asset the executives, fund, advertising, client relationship the executives and a lot more can be chosen. This demonstrates the framework is a secluded framework (Monk and Wagner 2012). The concentrate stockpiling and reinforcement of all the association information should be possible through the database framework which is actualized in the backend. The comprehensively scattered undertaking associations are the best for a venture asset framework (Tsai et al. 2012). Over all the divisions, the coordinated effort can be accomplished in light of the quicker joint effort and undertaking wide perceivability. Since the unified security approaches and enactments can be applied to the framework, greater security can be accomplished as far as an endeavor asset arranging framework (Kwak et al. 2012). Application program interface can be utilized in the ERP framework for incorporating different frameworks. It permits an association to expand the usefulness of the ERP framework. As the framework gives adaptability at all aspects of it, this association functions as very piece of the ERP. Propelled E-business can be consolidated with the endeavor asset framework. Notwithstanding that, online request following can be dealt with by the ERP framework (Saeed, Skielse and Uppstrom 2012). Hierarchical Processes Supported by ERP: Key Business Processes Elements of Business Showcasing Showcasing of an item Deals request following Backing to buyer CRM or client relationship the executives Deals anticipating Publicizing SCM or gracefully chain the board Purchasing crude materials Acquire merchandise Coordinations and transportation Booking creation Assembling products Support of the plant Fund and bookkeeping Installments to provider from buyer Cost control and assignment Arranging and planning Income the board HRM or human asset the board Employing and enrolling Preparing Finance Focal points Government consistence Table 1: Key Business Functionalities of ERP (Source: Jin et al. 2014) Promoting System: The total 3600 image of the customer can be obvious to the administration which helps with upgrading the request satisfaction and request preparing. The framework additionally naturally creates qualified leads, handle multi channel promoting efforts, smoothing out the business movement and joint effort among the deals and advertising (Strauss 2016). The framework gives the data to the ideal and approved faculty continuously. Record framework: General record modules and the buying can be incorporated straightforwardly. The history and the present action of the seller can be gotten to by the merchant movement program. The common solicitations can be naturally made with tedious information section (Kanellou and Spathis 2013). It additionally gives staggered burdening abilities to different regions, for example, state, area, and city. Flexibly chain the board: Through the gracefully chain arranging advancements, showcasing channels, needs in the stock, ensuring recharging, advertising channel choice and a lot more can be accomplished viably and effectively (Stadtler 2015). It handles the gracefully of the products, administration and obtainment viably. Survey, screen and adjust the flexibly chain action and endeavors continuously is done through the undertaking asset framework. Human Resource Management: The human asset arranging is set up by the ERP. Through the reenactment of the human asset arranging the administration can take better choice (Hoch and Dulebohn 2013). The ERP is the key in numerous endeavors for obtaining the relational, specialized and business abilities that are required by the workers. Key Modules in the Enterprise Resource System: Flexibly chain the board: as far as the produces this module is one of the most urgent modules. From the base to the top all the parts of the gracefully bind the board is noticeable to the administration (Leon 2014). Request the board, estimating, acquisition, arranging and a lot more are the key SCM modules. CRM: All the purchaser progress of an association is noticeable at one spot through the client relationship the board programming (Khodakarami and Chan 2014). Ace information the executives are shopper information coordination the primary parts of the ERP client relationship the board. Item lifecycle the board: Port folio the board, item information the executives, direct material sourcing and item configuration are the different pieces of the PLM. The qualities and the structure of the item can be gotten to by the administration through the ERP (Vezzetti, Violante and Marcolin 2014). Human capital administration: It is another normal module of the ERP. The HCM modules give limit as the inside delegate record, which inconspicuous components work power exercises, benefits association and account, position organization and consistence with government headings (Hoch and Dulebohn 2013). ERP HCM covers three areas of laborer organization: esteem based, capacity organization and created organization. Distribution center Management System: WMS writing computer programs is an undeniable necessity has for producers. ERP WMS modules take after the movement methodology required with finished product or materials from transport into the dispersion community for limit through restoration and picking for shipment to fulfill orders (Sahuri and Utomo 2016). WMS modules similarly synchronize and control stock on the shop floor. Resource Management: Makers can follow physical amassing assets required in progress - the plant itself and apparatus - using ERP Asset the executives modules. A part of the step by step works that ERP Asset the board handles are upkeep plans, equipment uptime and personal time, stock and assurance organization and consistence with dangerous materials and waste after bearings (Morlhon, Pellerin and Bourgault 2014). Contemplations for Evaluating, Purchasing and Implementing an ERP System: Assessing: For assessing the ERP the key contemplations are as following. Business size: The association must think about their business size. It is on the grounds that the independent venture does exclude the vast majority of the functionalities of the ERP while and medium or enormous endeavor will (Smith and Kutas 2015). Security: The security can be considered as the most significant element of an ERP. The data that the ERP is comprising of is generally important for an association. Announcing: As a business reports to different association and there are various laws related with the detailing, the revealing can be considered as the one of the important contemplations while assessing an ERP (Kayser and Tenke 2015). Executing: The contemplations while actualizing the ERP are as following. Backing of upper administration: Obtain the help of the upper administration is a pivotal factor as far as executing an ERP inside an association. Clarifying idea about the necessity: Often an inappropriate prerequisites make a circumstance where the both the customer and seller association experiences actualizing the ERP. So it is critical for the association to indicate the prerequisites unmistakably before starting the execution procedure (Smith and Kutas 2015). Versatile clients: As the greater part of the clients are keen on getting to the framework through their cell phones, the association must consider making the framework portable upheld. Buying: The contemplations while buying the ERP are as following. Goal of the association: The association must break down that the ERP is equipped for satisfying the objectives and targets of the association. Notwithstanding that, the associations need to consider that whether the ERP is fit for carrying an item to the market quicker and remaining whole administrative necessity or not. Future versatility and fundamental innovation: As the innovation is moving quick, knowing the hidden innovation of the ERP is essential now days (Kayser and Tenke 2015). It is on the grounds that the future versatility of the ERP relies upon the hidden innovation utilized in the ERP. Section 2 1. Setting Diagram of Sport Goods Galores ERP: 2. DFD of Sport Goods Galores ERP: 3. Framework Flow Chart of Sport Goods Galores ERP: References: Hoch, J.E. furthermore, Dulebohn, J.H 2013. Mutual initiative in big business asset arranging and human asset the board framework implementation.Human Resource Management Review,23(1), pp.114-125. Jin, J., Allison, B.Z., Zhang, Y., Wang, X. also, Cichocki, A 2014. An ERP-based BCI utilizing a crackpot worldview with various faces and decreased mistakes in basic functions.International diary of neural systems,24(08), p.1450027. Kanellou, A. also, Spathis, C 2013. Bookkeeping advantages and fulfillment in an ERP environment.International Journal of Accounting Information Systems,14(3), pp.209-234. Kayser, J. what's more, Tenke, C.E 2015. Issues and contemplations for utilizing the scalp surface Laplacian in EEG/ERP investigate: An instructional exercise review.International Journal of Psychophysiology,97(3), pp.189-209. Khodakarami, F. what's more, Chan, Y.E 2014. Investigating
Friday, August 21, 2020
Resignation Letter Sample for Quitting Your Job Like a Pro
Resignation Letter Sample for Quitting Your Job Like a Pro Are you one of those lucky people who loves his or her current job? Perhaps you belong to the other group, anxiously browsing for your next career move. Whichever group you belong to, chances are you arenât working in your final job position â" according to the latest statistics, the average person holds around 12 jobs in his or her lifetime.The majority of those changes wonât â" hopefully â" occur because you were fired, but rather because you were jumping in on another opportunity. Indeed, there are many reasons for quitting your job and all those reasons require you to write a resignation letter.A resignation letter tells the employer youâre voluntarily terminating your contract. While it might not be mandatory, it does make the whole process less messy and ensures you donât burn the bridges with your previous employer.Indeed, according to an OfficeTeam survey around 86% of HR managers say the way youâve quit your previous job affects your future career opportunities. You donât want to do it the wrong way.So, how do you write a resignation letter like a pro? Here are the five keys to a good resignation letter, the main things to consider when writing one, and an example template for you to use. THE 5 KEYS TO A GOOD RESIGNATION LETTERWhen writing a resignation letter, your focus must be on five things:Keep it shortDonât turn a resignation letter into a novel. You shouldnât use it as an opportunity to explain your life story and you definitely donât want to make excuses in your resignation letter. This is not a document for lengthy explanations as to what happened and why youâre resigning.If further discussions are needed, you can ask to do so with the manager face-to-face. Your resignation letter should inform, not explain.Recognize the contractYou should also show an understanding of your employment contract in your resignation letter. This shows respect towards your current employer and highlights a level of professionalism in dealing with the issue.You, ideally, need to show in your resignation letter that you are not in violation of it by resigning. For example, you might have a term that determines how long you must work from the moment of the resignation letter .The general guideline is to provide a two-week notice, which means working for two weeks after your resignation letter. However, be also prepared for the employer for asking you to leave immediately. Itâs important to leave your employment contract to fully understand your rights and responsibilities in this situation.Remember the formal stuffIt might seem a bit obvious advice but remember the resignation letter is an official document. You show professionalism by including the elements of an official letter into it. These include:The date of the letterThe position you are resigning fromThe last day youâll work for the organizationYour real signature at the endItâs a good idea to check who youâre supposed to address the resignation letter to. In many organizations, it might be your closest manager, while in others it might be the head of the department or HR. You can check the company policy with the HR department or your manager.Be thankful for the opportunity and avoid pe rsonal criticismYou should never turn the resignation letter into a critique of the organization, the position or the management. If you have issues you want to talk about, then do this in a conversation â" such as the end of employment discussion â" but not in the letter.Instead of criticizing the employer or your colleagues, you want to thank them for the opportunity you were given. Even if you didnât enjoy working there, you donât want to burn bridges â" after all, the employer did take a chance on you and hired you. Even though things didnât work out, you had an opportunity to work and grow.Offer helpFinally, you want to make it clear you want this transition to be as smooth as possible. No matter what you think about your employer, they are going to have a disruption since youâre leaving â" your job is to try to make it as pain-free as possible.Offer assistance in possibly helping with this transition period or even training and finding the new employee. You should also show your willingness to talk about the resignation â" it doesnât mean you should change your mind, but it can help your employee improve if they know your reasons behind it.However, when offering help, only offer it in a way you are comfortable giving. Donât promise to do this and that if you know you wonât do it.2 THINGS TO CONSIDER WHEN WRITING A RESIGNATION LETTERWhen writing your resignation letter, you have to consider two key things: how quick your resignation is going to be and the reason youâre leaving your job.How to professionally reflect on these two points with your resignation letter?The timeline for your resignationDepending on your contract, you could be quitting your job immediately or after a specific period. This will naturally influence the wording on your resignation letter.Now, when deciding the last date of work, you need to focus on two things:What does the contract say? Read the employment contract and understand your rights and responsibilitie s.When do you want/need to stop? Your reason for quitting might also influence your date of choice â" for example, is the family relocating or do you start in a new job on a certain date?When youâve considered the above points, you can start thinking about the wording of your letter. Below are a few examples based on your resignation timeline:The basic two-weeks notice24-hours/Effective immediatelyIâm writing to announce my resignation from my position as Accounts Manager, effective two weeks from this date. Iâm writing to inform you that Iâm resigning from my position at Accounts Manager due weeks from this date. Please accept this as my formal notice of resignation from my position at Accounts Manager at ZYX. My last day will be May 17, 2017, two weeks from today.Please accept this letter as notification that I am resigning from my job as Accounts Manager effective tomorrow. I apologize for not being able to give more notice. Iâm writing to inform you my resignation from my position as Accounts Manager, effective tomorrow. I regret to inform you that I am resigning immediately from my position as Accounts Manager. My last day will be tomorrow. I apologize for the short notice.The important thing to remember here is to add regret to your more immediate resignation letter. You donât want to just inform your resignation, but show you understand the disruptiveness of such a sudden statement. Whether you should dive into the reasoning of this sudden move is discussed next.The reason for resignationWhile you donât need to provide a reason for your resignation, you might still want to consider it â" especially, if you are leaving with immediate effect. The reason might help make the resignation a little less painful for the employer and ensures you donât have to quit and burn your bridges.As mentioned, there is no need to provide a reason but it can be more professional to reflect on it. When thinking about reflecting on the reason for quitti ng, keep in mind these points:You donât want to mention your real reason for quitting if itâs something negative about your current employer â" remember this wasnât the place and time for putting forward complaints but a letter to inform.You donât want to mention your new job or employer in detail, especially if they are the direct competitors of your current employer.You might want to mention your reason if itâs a family reason, such as a death in the family, sickness, or relocation.You might want to mention your reason if itâs a complete lifestyle change or you are going after your dream â" again, this should be something completely different to what you are doing now and involve no career change to a competitor.Again, itâs important to maintain a level of professionalism and formality â" you donât need to explain or justify your reasons here. However, if you think the reason will help the employer understand and reflect on your decision and you are comfortable to share it, you can do so.In terms of how to talk about your reasons, here are some example statements you should include to your job resignation letter:Generic reason letter (usually for change in career)I feel my career has now taken a move into a different direction and it is time for me to move on to new opportunities. I have accepted a new opportunity that gives me a chance to continue to grow professionally, as well as stay close to my family.RelocationI will relocate to the ZYX area in the near future. I will be relocating to ZYX in order to be closer to my family. My family has made the decision to relocate to ZYX, which is why Iâm offering my resignation.Further educationI plan to return to my studies and finish a higher degree in Accounting at XYZ University. Iâve decided to pursue my academic interests further and I have accepted a place at XYZ University.Personal/family reasonsIâm resigning due to personal reasons. I regret to inform you of this but there has been an illness in my family and I will want to focus on sorting it out. My decision is based on family reasons that require my full attention.A TEMPLATE FOR A PROFESSIONAL RESIGNATION LETTERWith the above in mind, here is a classic template of a professional resignation letter. It has all the five elements and pays attention to the two key considerations. You can use this in a variety of situations and simply tweak it slightly to better fit your current situation.Your contact informationFirst Last NameHome addressCity, ZIP CodeHome phone numberEmail addressThe date of the letterEmployer contact informationNameTitleOrganisationOrganisationâs addressCity, ZIP codeSalutationDear Mr/Ms/Mrs Last NameDear TitleFirst paragraphState the purpose of the letter (resignation), mention your position, and identify when the resignation becomes effective.Iâm writing today to give my resignation as Accounts Manager and to inform you that my last day of work will be May 16, 2017.Middle paragra phExplain the possible reasoning for the resignation (if appropriate) and thank the employer for the opportunities youâve had.I have enjoyed working at the company and I will miss working with the team. Iâm grateful for the skills Iâve gained over the past four years and will cherish my time.Final paragraphConclude by offering your assistance during the transition and offer the opportunity for further discussion.If there is anything I can help to ease with the transition, donât hesitate to ask. I can provide a quick cheat sheet for my follower or temporary replacer regarding the client list. Closing marks Respectfully yoursWith regardsBest regards,SignatureHandwritten or typed depending on the letterThe sentences in italics are example sentences you can use at each point of the resignation letter. You can use the template as it is or adjust it according to your situation. The key is to focus on sticking to the format above and to use the above tips as your guidance when wri ting your own resignation letter.QUITTING YOUR JOB LIKE A PRO WITH A PROFESSIONAL RESIGNATION LETTERWe change our jobs for a variety of reasons. But no matter what your reasons are, you donât want to burn bridges. Staying professional will always boost your career chances in the future â" you never know who youâll meet from your past to influence your future. When writing a resignation letter, you want to focus on the main thing: using it to inform. Itâs not about explaining, making excuses or trying to be apologetic â" youâve made your decision and now you are acting like an adult, informing your employer about it.Stick to short, sweet and simple, keeping it polite and professional. These will guarantee your resignation letter helps you quit your job like a pro.
Sunday, May 24, 2020
Religious Education School Based Assessment - 2145 Words
Haile Selassie was born Tafari Mekanon in the late 1800s in the African country Ethiopia. He was crowned king, or Ras Tafari in the 1930s, thus fulfilling the prophecy of Marcus Garvey decades earlier has he proclaimed, look to the east for the coming of a black king. Marcus Garvey is looked at in the Rastafarian movement as the biblical Moses since he was not only one of the greatest advocates for black repatriation in the Western World but also since he prophetically introduced and announced the coming of the Messiah. When the early Rastas heard of the crowing of King Selassie - they knew that Marcuss prophecy was fulfilled. Early Rastafarians were not accepted by the Jamaican population at large. They were looked at as dirtyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦We must at all times put our trust and faith in Him and he will not desert us or permit us to destroy ourselves or humanity that He created in His image. We must examine ourselves and look deeply in our souls. We must become something we have never been before. We must become bigger that we have been, greater in spirit, more courageous, and larger in our outlook. As His majesty said, we must overcome our petty prejudices, even if the weight of history is heavy, owing our ultimate dedication or allegiance not to any nation or country, but to our fellow men within the human community and become member of a new race, the true race: the human race. What is Rastafari Rastafari is a movement of black people who know Africa is the birthplace of mankind, all mankind. It is a twentieth century manifestation of God that enlightened our pathway towards righteousness and is therefore worthy of reverence. Rastafari recognizes Africa as the central origin of religious history, culture, science and technology. Africa, symbolized in the scriptures by Ethiopia (I-thiopia) is an emotional magnet for many Africans, that is calling us home to the continent which our ancestors were taken by force from more than three hundred years ago, during slavery, the black holocaust. That call has never been felt more deeply than by members of the Rastafari faith. Rastafari wants all people, especially black people, to know that we areShow MoreRelatedPresident George Bush s No Child Left Behind Act Of 20071263 Words à |à 6 PagesPolitics have made up a large part of public education in the United States of America since Anglo-Saxons came over from Europe. The effects that politics and governmental policies have had on public education have been evident throughout the history of the United States and are still apparent today. 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Thursday, May 14, 2020
The Universal Commercial Code, Banks, and Fraudulent Activity
What happens when a bank accepts a check with a forged endorsement? Who suffers the loss? Who is liable? Where can these answers be found? Check fraud law is governed by Articles 3 and 4 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). The National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws and the American Law Institute created the Uniform Commercial Code in a joint effort. It took over ten years to originally draft the UCC, and a further fourteen years for the UCC to be implemented across the country. The creation of the UCC began in 1940 in an effort to attack major commercial problems with comprehensive legal solutions The UCC allows commercial organizations to do business across jurisdictional boundaries with confidence because theseâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It seems that the company does not think it feasible to try to recovery their loses from employee, Lisa Leslie, and therefore goes after the bank for allowing her to steal from them. Is the bank at fault? Does the bank have an obligation to their customers to protect them from fraudulent activity? In short, yes. Customers trust banks to do just that. In this case, the bank did what it was supposed to do. The court held that a corporate resolution given to the bank and a signature card gave the officer authority to endorse checks for deposit to the account, and to draft checks from the account, so the bank was not liable for conversion. These documents were unambiguous. The resolution and signature card clearly let the officer act for the company regarding the account, including withdrawing money and endorsing checks for deposit. The fact that she was not specifically designated as an officer in the resolution was irrelevant. Her acts did not violate the authority the resolution gave her, and whether she violated company policy related to her abuse of authority, not a lack of authority. The bank was not liable for such abuse. 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Financial institution ï ® A financial institution is an institution whose primary source of profits is through financial asset transactions Classifications of Financial Institutions ï ® ï ® ï ® ï ® ï ® ï ® ï ® Banks Stock Brokerage Firms Non Banking Financial Institutions Building Societies Asset Management Firms Credit Unions Insurance Companies Get MBA study materials, articles, order business templates and stock market updates from or www.easymbaguide.comRead MoreCommercial Liens - a Potent Weapon Essay32374 Words à |à 130 PagesCOMMERCIAL LIENS A MOST POTENT WEAPON Version 1.0 |Edited by Build Freedom staff | |[with acknowledgments and credit to Alfred Adask (Publisher of AntiShyster magazine), Richard Boalbey, David | |DeReimer, and the various lien authors, for providing some of the content] | |(Applicable To The U.S.A.; Adaptable For Some Other Countries) Read MoreFoundation Course26234 Words à |à 105 Pages_____________________________________________________7 Services Offered by Banks ______________________________________________10 Trends in Banking Services _____________________________________________12 Classification of Banking Systems________________________________________13 Central Banking System__________________________________________________13 Commercial Banking System ______________________________________________19 Classification of Commercial Banking Services ________________________________21 StructureRead MoreAgency. Express Actual Authority5502 Words à |à 23 PagesAgency * Sec. 3 of the Civil Law Ordinance states as follows: ââ¬Å"In all questions or issues which may hereafter arise or which may have to be decided in Ceylon in respect of the law of partnerships, corporations, banks ad banking, principals and agents, carriers by land, life and fire insurance. The law to be administered shall be the same as would be administered in England, In the like case as the corresponding period, if such question or issue had arisen or had to be decided in EnglandRead MoreOnline Banking42019 Words à |à 169 PagesLegal Issues involved in Internet Banking 74 Chapter- 8- Regulatory and supervisory concerns 84 Chapterââ¬â9 - Recommendations 98 Annexure 1 111 Annexure 2 112 Annexure 3 113 Annexure 4 115 Chapterââ¬â1ââ¬â Introduction 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Banks have traditionally been in the forefront of harnessing technology to improve their products, services and efficiency. They have, over a long time, been using electronic and telecommunication networks for delivering a wide range of value added productsRead MoreContracts Notes31044 Words à |à 125 PagesCohen; Barton v Armstrong). It appears that today, the emphasis appears to have shifted away from the notion of coercion of the will of the plaintiff to the lack of legitimacy in the pressure or compulsion (Crescendo Management Pty Ltd v Westpac Bank Corporation). 2. Types of Duress There are three types of duress ââ¬â threats to the person, threats to personal property and economic duress. a) Threats to person: The traditional common law concept of duress was limited to actual or threatenedRead MoreEssay on LAW4198 Australian Commercial Law27758 Words à |à 112 Pagesï » ¿LAW4198 Australian Commercial Law Exam Notes Formation of contracts 1. Agreement Offer Offeror/promisor = person making the offer. Offeree/promisee = person to whom the offer is made. Characteristics of an offer Offer: Proposal; Invites acceptance; With a willingness to enter into a contract upon acceptance. An offeror will have made an offer where it appears to a reasonable person in the position of the offeree that an offer was intended. Subjective intentions are irrelevant. Examples
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Effects Of Television On Children Is Dora A Child...
An Examination of the Negative Effects of Television on Children: Is Dora a Child Predator? In one year, a child tends to spend more time watching TV than the amount of time spent in the classroom. Beginning in 1927, the first television consisted of nothing more than a very small box that consumed a monstrous amount of energy. As years passed, World War II served as the spark in the age of the TV. Many people in the United States of America became distraught during the war. Whatââ¬â¢s more settling than buying something to make oneself feel better? As TVââ¬â¢s flew off the shelf, little did America know of the potential harmful effects on education. The TV has been proven to negatively affect our childrenââ¬â¢s brains. The setbacks of TV far outweigh the The Small Fry Club, Tillstrom s Kukla, Fran, and Ollie, and Robert E. Buffalo Bob Smith s Howdy Doody Time provided some of the first childrenââ¬â¢s programs aired. Cartoons became a popular Saturday morning event in the early 1960ââ¬â¢s. This ritual benefited both the parents and the child. The kids enjoye d having such consistent entertainment and the parents managed to have some free time to themselves. However, as time passed by, the use of television did not solely rely on entertainment, but also to distract children. As I watched my mother set my one year old sister in front of the television so she could do some house work, I questioned the health hazard of TV consumption. Ironically, the term baby-sitter is a synonym for a
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Business Academic Skills Business Internship
Question: Discuss about the Business Academic Skills for Business Internship. Answer: Several researchers have examined the impact of internships on the career of the university students. Coco, Truong and Kaupins (2013) have illustrated the advantages and disadvantages of the internship program for the university students. The authors are of the opinion that the internship program would be helping the students in gaining the first hand experience related to the tasks such that they are able to learn to tackle and resolve the issues and problems related to work. While, the major disadvantage is the lack of clear expectations related to the program and the lack of combination in the company (Coco, Truong and Kaupins 2013). Dobratz, Singh and Abbey (2014) have argued that the internship program in business curricula is nowadays, referred to as simply an option rather than a requirement. By establishing a link between the internships and the entrepreneurship, the authors have pleaded the universities to incorporate the internships into the entrepreneurship education progr ams owing to the advantage of the internship in enhancing the student experiences and the success of entrepreneurs as well. Carson (2013) has illustrated the challenges as faced by the students and the employers during the recruitment process owing to the lack of prior experience, knowledge and skills in the students related to the work. The author has thus, argued that the one stop solution to this situation is by exposing the students to the entrepreneurship environment and work culture such that to enable them in gaining the valuable experiences and academic credit in the process. This could only be possible by establishing internship programs at the junior and senior level academic courses (Carson 2013). Thus, from the arguments as stated by the researchers, it could be evident that the end result of the business internship program heightens the potential of the students for successful new venture creation. References Carson, L. (2013). Bridging the gap: Internships can benefit students and employers.Public Relations Society of America. [online] Available at: https://913868_1145526376_Article3.pdf. Coco, M., Truong, A. and Kaupins, G., 2013. STUDENT AND COMPANY REACTIONS TO A UNIVERSITY INTERNSHIP PROGRAM: CONTENT ANALYSIS.International Journal of Education Research,8(1). Dobratz, C.L., Singh, R.P. and Abbey, A., 2014. USING FORMAL INTERNSHIPS TO IMPROVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION PROGRAMS.Journal of Entrepreneurship Education,17(2), p.62.
Saturday, April 4, 2020
ATP Definition and Importance in Metabolism
ATP Definition and Importance in Metabolism Adenosine triphosphate or ATP is often called the energy currency of the cell because this molecule plays a key role in metabolism, particularly in energy transfer within cells. The molecule acts to couple the energy of exergonic and endergonic processes, making energetically unfavorable chemical reactions able to proceed. Metabolic Reactions Involving ATP Adenosine triphosphate is used to transport chemical energy in many important processes, including: aerobic respiration (glycolysis and the citric acid cycle)fermentationcellular divisionphotophosphorylationmotility (e.g., shortening of myosin and actin filament cross-bridges as well ââ¬â¹asà cytoskeleton construction)exocytosis and endocytosisphotosynthesisprotein synthesis In addition to metabolic functions, ATP is involved in signal transduction. It is believed to be the neurotransmitter responsible for the sensation of taste. The human central and peripheral nervous system, in particular, relies on ATP signaling. ATP is also added to nucleic acids during transcription. ATP is continuously recycled, rather than expended. Its converted back into precursor molecules, so it can be used again and again. In human beings, for example, the amount of ATP recycled daily is about the same as body weight, even though the average human being only has about 250 grams of ATP. Another way to look at it is that a single molecule of ATP gets recycled 500-700 times every day. At any moment in time, the amount of ATP plus ADP is fairly constant. This is important since ATP is not a molecule that can be stored for later use.ââ¬â¹ ATP may be produced from simple and complex sugars as well as from lipids via redox reactions. For this to occur, the carbohydrates must first be broken down into simple sugars, while the lipids must be broken ââ¬â¹intoà fatty acids and glycerol. However, ATP production is highly regulated. Its production is controlled via substrate concentration, feedback mechanisms, and allosteric hindrance. ATP Structure As indicated by the molecular name, adenosine triphosphate consists of three phosphate groups (tri- prefix before phosphate) connected to adenosine. Adenosine is made by attaching the 9 nitrogen atom of the purine base adenine to the 1 carbon of the pentose sugar ribose. The phosphate groups are attached connecting and oxygen from a phosphate to the 5 carbon of the ribose. Starting with the group closest to the ribose sugar, the phosphate groups are named alpha (à ±), beta (à ²), and gamma (à ³). Removing a phosphate group results in adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and removing two groups produces adenosine monophosphate (AMP). How ATP Produces Energy The key to energy production lies ââ¬â¹with theà phosphate groups. Breaking the phosphate bond is an exothermic reaction.à So, when ATP loses one or two phosphate groups, energy is released. More energy is released breaking the first phosphate bond than the second. ATP H2O ââ â ADP Pi Energy (Ãâ G -30.5 kJ.mol-1)ATP H2O ââ â AMP PPi Energy (Ãâ G -45.6 kJ.mol-1) The energy that is released is coupled to an endothermic (thermodynamically unfavorable) reaction in order to give it ââ¬â¹theà activation energy needed to proceed. ATP Facts ATP was discovered in 1929 by two independent sets of researchers: Karl Lohmann and also Cyrus Fiske/Yellapragada Subbarow. Alexander Todd first synthesized the molecule in 1948. Empirical Formula C10H16N5O13P3 Chemical Formula C10H8N4O2NH2(OH2)(PO3H)3H Molecular Mass 507.18 g.mol-1 What Is ATP an Important Molecule in Metabolism? There are essentially two reasons ATP is so important: Its the only chemical in the body that can be directly used as energy.Other forms of chemical energy need to be converted into ATP before they can be used. Another important point is that ATP is recyclable. If the molecule was used up after each reaction, it wouldnt be practical for metabolism. ATP Trivia Want to impress your friends? Learn the IUPAC name for adenosine triphosphate. Itsà [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl(hydroxyphosphonooxyphosphoryl)hydrogen phosphate.While most students study ATP as it relates to animal metabolism, the molecule is also the key form of chemical energy in plants.The density of pure ATP is comparable to that of water. Its 1.04 grams per cubic centimeter.The melting point of pure ATP isà 368.6à °F (187à °C).
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